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Farmers have developed numerous breeds and varieties to fulfill commercial requirements. Descendants of those domestications have spread throughout the world in several waves for at least the last 2,000 years. In groups of male chicks, however, fights for dominance may continue into adulthood.

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Under natural conditions, most birds lay only until a clutch is complete; they then incubate all the eggs. Wild junglefowl can fly, whereas domestic chickens and their flight muscles are too heavy to allow them to fly more than a short distance. If the eggs are not fertilized and do not hatch, the hen will eventually grow tired of being broody and leave the nest. The hen can hear the chicks peeping inside the eggs, and will gently cluck to encourage them to break out of their shells. Sometimes a hen will stop laying eggs to concentrate on the incubation of her eggs. When a rooster finds food he may call the other chickens to eat it first.

Animal Classification

Chicken remains have been difficult to date, given the small and fragile bird bones; this may account for discrepancies in dates given by different sources. Chickens reached Egypt via the Middle East for purposes of cockfighting about 1400 BC and became widely bred in Egypt around 300 BC. Re-examination of bones from over 600 sites, and dating of those from 23 sites, identified the earliest probable chicken bones as from central Thailand, at Ban Non Wat, some 3,250 years ago. Hens remain on the nest for about two days after the first chick hatches; during this time the newly hatched chicks feed by absorbing the internal yolk sac. The hen sits on the nest, fluffing up or pecking defensively if disturbed.

Reproduction and life-cycle

• During the Hellenistic period (4th–2nd centuries BC), in the southern Levant, chickens began to be widely domesticated for food.
• An early study proposed that a single domestication event of the red junglefowl in present-day Thailand gave rise to the modern chicken.
• Despite the chicken’s close relationship with the red jungle fowl, there is evidence that the gray jungle fowl (G. sonneratii) of southern India and other jungle fowl species, also members of Gallus, may have contributed to the bird’s ancestry.
• Chicks are born covered in down, but they mature quickly, becoming fully feathered after four to five weeks.
• Equally important, embryologists can carry out experiments on such embryos, close the egg again and study the effects later in development.

Chickens have a communal approach to the incubation of eggs and raising of young. Chickens are gregarious birds and live together as a flock. Chickens will sometimes attempt flight simply to explore their surroundings, however, they will especially fly in an attempt to flee when they perceive danger or pursued by a predator. Hens lay eggs that range in color from white to pale brown and other pale colors depending on the breed.

At about six months, males produce viable sperm, and females produce viable eggs. The time between ovulation and egg-laying is approximately 23–26 hours. Males (called cocks or roosters) and females (hens) are known for their fleshy combs, lobed wattles hanging below the bill, and high-arched tails. The chicken is a sacred animal in many cultures and deeply embedded in belief systems and religious practices.Roosters are sometimes used for divination, a practice called alectryomancy. The chicken was the first bird species to have https://most-play-bangladesh.com its genome sequenced.